Cyber Culture: The Future of Print Essay -- Technology Literature Essa

At the point when we consider innovation, what frequently rings a bell are TVs, specialized gadgets, for example, PDAs and satellites, PCs, and various methods of transportation. Nonetheless, there are different manners by which innovation is applied, one of those being the Internet and its different parts including email, talk rooms, and web indexes. The rundown of employments for the Internet is multitudinous and numerous organizations and colleges are driving individuals to utilize it. Be that as it may, regardless of how much this new innovation is constrained on us, individuals are as yet impervious to it. As George Landow, Professor of English and Art History at Brown University, states, Innovation, in the vocabulary of numerous humanists, by and large signifies 'just that innovation of which I am terrified' (Landow 218). Such obstruction is terrible in light of the fact that the age of online innovation is here. Regardless of whether we have acknowledged it or not we are twent y minutes into the future (Landow 214). Books are not, at this point the sole asset for data assembling and imparting. A totally different framework for passing on data has occurred. From numerous points of view, we have, regardless, effectively moved past the book. Indeed, even on the crudest, most realist standard including money related returns, we no longer discover it at the focal point of our way of life as the essential methods for recording and dispersing data and amusement (Landow 215). Digital culture, especially Internet wonders, for example, online diaries and email, have upgraded the manner in which we work with composing and changed the manner in which we compose. For example, references, for example, online diaries and magazines have encouraged analysts from various perspectives. EMU's online database alone contains a library of data on themes going from busines... ...w innovation called digital culture, Landow makes an awesome moment that he says â€Å"Digital innovation might be new, yet innovation, especially data innovation, has pervaded all known culture since the beginnings of mankind's history (218). Digital culture is digging in for the long haul and can be powerful in correspondence, exploration, and composing; the test currently, is to close the generational hole between the individuals who have grasped digital culture and the individuals who despite everything oppose it. Works Cited Landow, George. â€Å"Twenty Minutes into the Future, or How Are We Moving Beyond the Book?† Writing Material: Readings from Plato to the Digital Age.† Comp. Evelyn B. Tribble and Anne Trubek. New York: Longman, 2003. 214-226. Lesser, Wendy. â€Å"The Conversation.† Writing Material: Readings from Plato to the Digital Age.† Comp. Evelyn B. Tribble and Anne Trubek. New York: Longman, 2003. 227-223.

Can I Use PowerPoint in My Presentation?

Can I Use PowerPoint in My Presentation?'Can I use PowerPoint in my presentation?' This is a question that you may hear or see in the process of making presentations. If this is a question that is asked many times, then it's time to go and find out the answer. The answer will be provided in this article.In this article, I will be talking about different PowerPoint versions that are popular and recommended by many teachers as they find that PowerPoint can be used in their presentation. For the purpose of this article, I will be referring to the PowerPoint format that's commonly used by corporate companies to make their presentations.That said, I'm sure that you're probably asking 'Why should I use a presentation program when there are already so many presentation programs out there? ', and I agree that the answer here is that you should definitely consider the use of presentation software, but you should also understand that there are advantages to the use of the presentation software .First of all, the use of presentation software is going to be good for people who are already familiar with PowerPoint. I'm not going to lie to you and say that this does not apply to some people. They may have used PowerPoint for a long time, but they will also know the differences between the programs, and will also know what to look for in a presentation program.The reason that this applies to some people is that the general public just doesn't know about all the things that make PowerPoint great. In other words, if they only knew about the different options that are available, it's quite possible that they would pick PowerPoint over any other presentation program out there.When it comes to knowing about all the different presentations programs that are available, you will find that the easiest way to learn about the answer to 'Can I use PowerPoint in my presentation?' is to actually sit down and watch a presentation that was made using this program. I would recommend that you t ake your time and really watch this because a lot of times, people that have never looked at a PowerPoint presentation before may actually learn something from this type of demonstration.Another reason why it's a good idea to try to watch a presentation that was made using a PowerPoint presentation software is because it helps a lot of people to realize that a presentation is much more than just a black screen and a bunch of text on the screen. For example, a lot of people will watch the above video and say 'This is the worst PowerPoint presentation ever', but by seeing a PowerPoint demonstration, they realize that there are a lot of different options available.These are the two main reasons why you should consider using a Powerpoint presentation software, but I should add that when you find that a presentation software can help you to learn more about Powerpoint, then I suggest that you invest in it. Remember, you don't want to end up with the wrong software, and you want to make s ure that you're taking the right steps to find the best solution.

John Foulcher for the Fire Qa Essay

For the fire Q&A The main lines in the sonnet acquaint us with the sounds in the bramble. what are these sounds and whom does he believe is making the clamor? For what reason is his slip-up justifiable? What impact is accomplished through these sound pictures? * The initial beginnings with the word Å"Outside  introducing the characteristic world that shows up on a superficial level to be so wonderful and delicate. Å"a slashing sound  disturbs the normal picture, Å"its solitary human thud  speaks to a human is hurting the earth. The impact is that people are harming the earth and its normal (the creator isn't surprised  Explain the impact of the likeness Å"like clockwork  what impact is made by the redundancy of theËœt andËœd sounds in the sound drops/chipped from a tall dead tree? * It advises us this is a spot constrained essentially. It is monotonous and consistent the picture of the kookaburra and the reptile is striking. Remark on lines 6-10 examining the pictures made, selection of words and what they may propose, the expressive action words and the general importance of these lines. * The creators ground-breaking language and symbolism that we witness the viciousness and mercilessness and feel thoughtful. what does the word neglectful educate us concerning the winged animals conduct? * The winged creature doesnt have compassion toward the reptile since it is a piece of natures cycle and it was uninvietable. The feathered creatures conduct is instinctual and despite the fact that it might appear to be ruthless and savage to us, it is acting just out of intuition and endurance. How does the artist demonstrate his acknowledgment of the fowls clear fierceness. * The artist doesnt help the reptile, rather he acknowledges natures cycle and gets his fuel and leaves. What translation would you be able to recommend to clarify the significance of the virus air hardening behind me * Visual picture of the air resembles an entryway shutting on an existence where the artist was an interloper.

Abortion is Immoral Because Life Begins at Conception Essay

Abortion is Immoral Because Life Begins at Conception During the past quarter century, abortion has joined race and war as one of the most debatable subject of controversy in the United States. It discusses human interaction where ethics, emotions and law come together. There are many points of view toward abortion but the only two fine distinctions are pro-choice and pro-life. A pro-choicer would feel that the decision to abort a pregnancy is that of the mothers and the state has no right to interfere. A pro-lifer would hold that from the moment of conception, the embryo or fetus is alive, but others approve of abortion because they believe that a fetus is not human until birth. A mother kills her baby because it is unwanted,†¦show more content†¦If people actually had morals, then abortion might not occur. No matter what anyone argues, abortion is murder, plain and simple. How could one deny that a doctor grabbing his forceps and crushing a childs skull and sucking out what was once a babys brain, is not murder. There are many of these disgusting, abortion-slaughter techniques that are used today. Examples are the Dilatation and Curettage (DC) where a loop shaped steel knife is inserted and the child is cut into pieces. Dilatation and Evacuation (DE), is the procedure mentioned above. It is similar to the DC but first the childs brain is cut out. Usually the head is hardened to bone and must be compressed or crushed in order to get the brain out. Another highly controversial technique is the partial birth method. This procedure in performed in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy or between 20 to 32 weeks, sometimes later. Some medical facts, a book printed by the National Right to Life, The partial birth technique is performed like this: Guided by ultrasound, the abortionist reaches into the uterus, grabs the unborn babys leg with forceps, and pulls the baby into the birth canal, except for the head, which is deliberately kept just inside the womb. (At this point in a partial -birth abortion, the baby is alive.) Then the abortionist jams scissors into the back of the babys skull and spreads the tips of the scissors apart to enlarge the wound. After removing theShow MoreRelated Abortion Essay example1239 Words   |  5 Pages Abortion is defined as the termination of a pregnancy before the fetus is capable of independent life. Abortions must be conducted before the end of six months or the fetus will leave the womb and it would be considered premature birth. If the fetus weighs less than 18 ounces or is less than 20 weeks into pregnancy, it is usually considered an abortion. There are two types of abortions. One is spontaneous and the other is induced. Spontaneous abortions are known y another name, miscarriages. TheRead MoreAbortion : Is It Morally Acceptable?1640 Words   |  7 PagesDay one, the most important day of any person’s life. The day of conception in which a simple cell becomes a growing human being. Time begins to pass on and the child begins to develop everything they need to survive in the world. In merely a few months the darkness will begin to fade away and the bright light will finally come into view for the child. What was just a simple cell not too long ago has now blossomed into a human being, but is this child technically alive? Is it morally acceptable toRead MoreCampaign for Life is Against Abortion Essay1055 Words   |  5 PagesAs president of Campaign Life Coalition which is the national pro-life organization that is working at all levels of government to secure full legal protection for all human beings from the point of conception, I must defend the sanctity of human life against the numerous threats posed by abortion. Campaign Life Coalition never compr omises on basic principles, and encourages incremental policies that would increase respect and protection for human life. For this reason it is necessary that I takeRead MoreEssay on Abortion1165 Words   |  5 PagesAbortion A young women who just recently married at the age of 24 is six months along in her pregnancy. By her eighth month, she has came across complications. Within one week, they continue to get progressively worse. She is eventually rushed to the hospital. There her symptoms are studied by medical professionals. She soon is told that her complications are so severe that they might cost her her life. She is now faced with a choice. A medical dilemma of saving her life with the use of an abortionRead MoreA Critique of John T. Noonans an Almost Absolute Value in History1251 Words   |  6 Pagesagainst the morality of abortion at any time during a pregnancy. According to Noonan (2012) humanity begins at the moment of conception. Therefore, the unborn child has the inherent right to live, and abortion at any stage of gestation would be the equivalent of murder (p. 472). He makes no exceptions for pregnancies resulting from rape or incest. The only exception he makes is when continuing a pr egnancy puts the mother’s life at risk. His arguments are strong against abortion at a later stage ofRead More Abortion Essay1038 Words   |  5 Pages Abortion is one of the most controversial issues in America today. Abortion is the ending of pregnancy before birth. There are approximately 1.5 million abortions every year in this country. Abortion was made legal in the 1970s. However, pro-life activists argue that it is murder. Should the government have the legal power to take away a woman\\s right to make decisions regarding her own body? An abortion results in the death of an embryo or a fetus. Abortion destroys the lives of helpless, innocentRead MoreAbortion Is The Right Solution954 Words   |  4 PagesAbortion is one of the most divisive and politically charged topics in the United States. It is widely discussed in both political parties; Republicans tend to be pro-life whereas Democrats are usually pro-choice. Matt Walsh, a regular contributor at The Blaze, says that the GOP has watered down its stance on abortion, claiming to be moderate on this issue as being  «Ã‚  too pro life  Ã‚ » would scare off potential voters. He sees this strategy as self-defeating and hypocritical. Walsh’s main argument isRead MoreAbortion Analytical Essay1139 Words   |  5 PagesAbortions: Morally Acceptable or Not? The issue of abortion is one of the most sensitive and controversial issues faced by modern societies. This issue leads to topics of whether abortion is right or wrong, if it is the actual killing of a person, and what actually defines the moral status of a fetus. In this paper, I will be arguing against Bonnie Steinbock, who believes that abortions are morally acceptable. So I will be supporting the view that abortions are not morally acceptable. In BonnieRead MoreThe Controversial Issue Of Abortion1571 Words   |  7 PagesControversial Issue of Abortion According to Different Faiths The American Heritage Medical Dictionary defines abortion as the â€Å"induced termination of a pregnancy with destruction of the embryo or fetus.† A study conducted by Planned Parenthood found that three out of every ten women over the age of forty-five, have had an abortion. Terminating a pregnancy by abortion catalyzes many disagreements on whether a woman is destroying a human life or not. This type of controversy that follows abortion affects almostRead MoreLife Begins at Conception734 Words   |  3 PagesLife Begins at Conception In 2010, President Barack Obama signed an executive order to enforce that federal loans would not be used in abortion services (â€Å"Background: â€Å"Should† 4). The pros and consist of the choice being available to women when they need it and the cons consist of safety concerns for the living fetus. As a nation, Abortion needs to be made illegal because life begins at conception because abortion is unsafe, a waste of money, a loss of opportunity, and a toll of psychological

African Americans And African American Community - 852 Words

As seen through time, African-Americans have been at a disadvantage when it comes to accessing funds that are available to most people. This however has not stopped them from creating and accessing help that supports and aids their families. Through communal efforts, African-Americans have been able to create mutual aid for themselves. In these communities, there are many sectors that have been built, but the main reason many are â€Å"making it† or able to afford and do what they are currently doing is through the help of the various communities and organizations that came about. Throughout each decade there have been forms of aid created solely for African Americans. Before slavery, when African Americans were still in Africa, the communities were thriving economically and socially. Africa produced a plethora of advanced civilizations. Although Europeans like to credit themselves for the spread of Christianity, Christianity was in Ethiopia long before the Europeans came. As one can see through time, church is an important communal and distinctive quality of the African American community. In his book, West African Religion: A Study of the Beliefs and Practices of Akan, Ewe, Yoruba, Ibo, and Kindred Peoples, Geoffrey Parrinder explains, â€Å"Africa had a history, long before the Europeans came to our shores†¦ Religion is a fundamental, perhaps the most important, influence in the life of most Africans† (Parrinder 1). African Americans already had the support system of a churchShow MoreRelatedThe Segregation Of African American Community1720 Words   |  7 Pagessince the Emancipation Proclamation, African Americans in Southern States were still faced with the most distinct forms of racism. The so-called â€Å"Jim Crow† laws that were present in United States at the time, served to segregate blacks and whites from all aspects of public life, including schools, public transport and juries. Often faced with extreme right-wing terrorist groups such as the white supremacist Klu Klux Klan, many among the African American community chose to live in a society of oppressionRead MoreSlavery And The African American Community878 Words   |  4 Pagesfamily, freedom, and happiness in order to build America. After slaves were freed they were oppressed and their identity was destroyed. Now, in today society the African American community is looked upon as being deviant and having no family structure. The author at McGraw- Hill textbook publishing has failed to acknowledge that Africans were exploited for labor. Many individual have wondered what the America economy would like if slavery did not exist. From an historical perspective, the UnitedRead MoreThe Aspects Of The African American Community1645 Words   |  7 PagesDaVon Davis English 102-04 Amy Guthrie Take Me Back To Africa The aspects of the African American community need to understand the concept of personal responsibility as well as learning to take personal responsibility for the circumstances that plague this generation. The Black lives matter movement began as an outcry by minorities to bring the unjust actions of the justice system as well as the actions taking by the police in profiling citizens. The beginning of this movement started with usingRead MoreThe Poverty Of The African American Community2334 Words   |  10 PagesSadly this is not true. The African American, especially those found in the urban setting of Chicago is at a disadvantage. This is due to the erosion of the public education system along with fractured families along with other socioeconomic factors which have contributed to the cycles of poverty and ultimately creates a disadvantaged for African Americans in Chicago. For this research paper I’m going to focus on Chicago for its strong roots in the African American C ommunity, but this isn’t just a oneRead MoreThe Diversity Of The African American Community914 Words   |  4 Pagesassociated themselves with community based a variety of attributes such as religious beliefs and ethnicity. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs further supports that being a part of a community is an intrinsic movement that motivates human behaviour, as people feel emotionally stable when they identify themselves as a part of a community. Thus, the building associated with communal identity is often dictated by the growth or decline of the community itself. By examining the evolution of community buildings in relationRead MoreThe African American And Hispanic Community Essay2393 Words   |  10 Pagestremendous improvement it still has not done enough to say that we are all equal in society. The African Americans community and Hispanic community are very inferior to the Caucasian community. Society has made it very clear about how they feel about the African Am erican and Hispanic community. The media, television, education is very stereotypical on the â€Å"inferior† communities. The media have depicted African Americans as ghetto, uneducated, Drug Lords, crack victims and classless. Hispanics are depictedRead MoreThe African American And Hispanic Community Essay1864 Words   |  8 Pagestremendous improvement it still has not made enough to say that we are all equal in society. The African American community and Hispanic community are very inferior to the Caucasian community. Society has made it very clear about how they feel about the African American and Hispanic community. The media, television, education are very stereotypical on the â€Å"inferior† communities. The media has depicted African Americans as ghetto, uneducated, Drug lords, crack victims and classless. †¢ Hispanics areRead MoreVoting Discrimination in African American Communities739 Words   |  3 Pagesissue in the African American community. Before the Voting Rights Act of 1965 poll taxes, literacy tests, and physical intimidation have prevented African Americans from voting. While this problem is widely recognized as an issue of the past it is still made possible through racial gerrymandering. This is an important matter because it has restricted fully entitled American citizens from voting. In 1870 Congress passed the fifteenth amendment, which gave voting rights to African Americans. Soon afterRead MoreThe Cultural Identity Of The African American Community1653 Words   |  7 PagesThe African American community has sat at the end of a discriminatory lens from the moment they set foot in the United States. For that reason, black communities have undergone the process of community building to ensure that all members feel a sense of belonging. Race, gender, nationality, ethnicity, poverty, and sexual orientation, all play a role in developing one’s identity and more often than not, these multiple identities intersect with blackness. Being that American society has deemed coloredRead MoreLack Of Support For The African American Community Essay1310 Words   |  6 Pagesargues that African Americans, â€Å"Like insecure people everywhere, are driven by a private sense of personal inadequacy to seeing imaginary obstacles to their success supposedly planted by others.† This is his theory of victimhood. However, McWorther incorrectly and insensitively denies that there are indeed obstacles obstructing African American pursuits. He maintains similar standpoint as D’Souza who also points a disdainful and disappointing finger at the African American community. Both take a

Persuasive Essay On Gun Control - 1813 Words

A high caliber mechanism that could send a projectile shredding through the flesh and bone of anybody standing in its path sounds like a blood curtling tool that should never make it into the hands of the common people. However, these instruments have been an age old tradition since the founding of our country. From hunting to protecting territories, guns have been implemented in our society as a means of survival. This ideal was so prevalent to the founding fathers of our country that they immortalized the principle that it is â€Å"the right of the people to keep and bear Arms† (The Bill of Rights). This guiding statement has been challenged time and time again, but to no avail. When it comes down to the fact of the matter, guns don’t cause†¦show more content†¦These outliers of cases harm the reputation of gun owners significantly by stripping away the notion that most of the people who own guns know the proper way to use them. The United States has been raised on the tenet of operating guns to serve our needs. We use them relentlessly to protect our coasts and everything this country stands for, as well as the traditional sport of hunting and classic target practice. Hunters have no interest in bringing their rifles and shotguns into the general public, therefore serving no danger to those who do not take part in the event. If one was to be with another person while on the hunt, there is extreme precautions taken whilst firing at animals. Zones are in place so that one person’s fire never enters the vicinity in which another person is standing. De facto rules such as this one are one of the hundreds that every responsible gun owner is keen on knowing, and when combined, â€Å"the risk for a harming incident can be virtually eliminated. Gun owners abide by these guidelines and see to it that their weapon is used for only the benefit of their community† (Rules 3). Hunters, who are one of the ma jorities when it comes to those who own guns, use their weapons in a solitary field for a solitary purpose. With any potential danger being obviated by their stringent principles, this large section of firearm owners serve no danger or malicious intentShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay : Gun Control798 Words   |  4 PagesPersuasive Essay Did you know that in the United States almost 100,000 people are shot or killed with a gun in one year? 10,527 people die a year in handgun related incidents in the United States. This number, by far, outweighs the number of gun related deaths in countries such as Sweden, Great Britain, and Japan, which number 13, 22, and 87, respectively. What is the reason for such drastic differences in numbers? Sweden, Great Britain, and Japan are all countries that have stricter gun controlRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1753 Words   |  8 PagesPersuasive Essay Rough Draft The United States of America has a problem that is growing worse every day. American laws are not protecting its citizens from injury or death. You may think the mass shootings in America the guns used were bought illegally, but â€Å"since 1982, there have been at least 62 mass shooter carried out with firearms across the country, with the killings unfolding in 30 states from Massachusetts to Hawaii. Of the 139 guns possessed by the killers, more than three quarters wereRead More Persuasive Articles on Gun Control Essays607 Words   |  3 PagesPersuasive Articles on Gun Control Persuading an audience can be done in several different fashions, one of which is Hugh Rank’s Model of Persuasion. Rank’s model states that two major strategies are used to achieve the particular goal of persuasion. These strategies are nicely set into two main schemas; the first method is to exaggerate an aspect of something, known as â€Å"intensify.† While the second is to discredit it, which is referred to as â€Å"downplay.† Al Franken, Jeffrey SnyderRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1018 Words   |  5 PagesImagine, an America where no citizen, law abiding or not, has the legal ability to own guns. Three gunmen with fully automatic rifles walk into a crowded city and begin firing. No law abiding citizen can defend themselves. It’s hopeless. This future can only be prevented if Americans continue to keep the second amendment. We should keep the current gun control laws, but revise them to make them even better. Most gun own ers are responsible under the current laws, however, I think some laws need to beRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1245 Words   |  5 Pagesand time again. Due to recent tragedies involving firearms, the view of guns and peoples rights to own and operate firearms have been frowned upon and viewed in a bad light due to Media. News sources have cherrypicked pictures of tragedies and stories about bad instances of gun usage in order to fight for Gun Control and the suppression of Americans rights. Due to the recent Vegas shooting, the argument for Gun Control has never been more intense, and Media outlets are having a field day onRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1637 Words   |  7 Pagesbecomingly increasingly unsure of where the line is drawn on being able to have a gun and what prevents people from using them for harm. Some people have argued that even though the Second Amendment does protect our individual rights to have the option to own arms, that it should give the government authority to ban high-crime communities from using handguns. Gun violence embraces every town in the United States. Gun violence in the past few decades continually keeps becoming a bigger and bigger issueRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1744 Words   |  7 Pagesthe right to own guns. These are also the words that allow shooting after shooting to take place in our country. The United States is in desperate need of stricter, more uniform gun control laws so that the country may become a safer place. One of the main issues with gun laws in the United States is the lack of uniformity in the restrictions held by the states. â€Å"We looked at five types of gun control enacted at the state level: assault weapons bans, high-capacity magazine bans, gun possession prohibitionsRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1190 Words   |  5 PagesHANDS UP!: An Essay in Favor of Gun Control in America Andrew A. McKay Victor Valley College  Abstract Gun ownership is embedded in the fabric of America. The United States has the highest gun ownership rate in the world with 88 guns per 100 people. This is a staggering amount of firearms in the U.S. which our forefathers would ve never imagined when writing the 2nd Amendment. The 2nd Amendment states that â€Å"A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right ofRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1687 Words   |  7 Pagesayehu Yitbarek Levell English 121-325/S25 04/20/2017 Gun Control Gun control is a controversial and important issue all over the world. A gun, as a weapon for defense and protection, has been misused by many resulting in unlawful acts. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, dedicated protect public health and safety, in 2010, there were roughly 31,670 gun-related deaths in the U.S. About 11,100 were homicides (35%) and about 19,400 (61%) were suicides (Jim). Every day, a lotRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1656 Words   |  7 Pages Gun control has been a huge issue lately, but the focus needs to be on the person handling the gun. We need to make stronger background checks to stop all this unnecessary violence going on in todays society. There has been strong supporters on both sides with very well known support groups, almost all of the people that vote towards stricter gun laws and banning guns have never been in a situation to need one and don’t understand that different guns serve different purposes. There are three different

Future of English free essay sample

Future of English as a global language â€Å"A language achieves a genuinely global status when it develops a special role that is recognized in every country† (Crystal 1997). In the 21st century, English is increasingly becoming the dominant language in global communication. However, the question of where the future of English lies remains unclear. Will English in the future increase in popularity or should we adopt a better alternative? English is undoubtedly one of the most influential languages in the world as more and more people use English as their official or second language. It has been given a variety of labels to represent its popularity. However, social inequalities and injustices have also emerged in the same process, revealing the controversial role English has had internationally. In order to critically examine the future of English as a global language this essay will discuss the following topics in this literature review. 1. Rise of English World-wide 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Future of English or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page English as the language of Science and Technology 3. English language teaching world-wide The number of English speakers in the world has increased at an astonishing rate throughout the last few centuries. According to Crystal he states that by 1983, the number of people speaking English as an official language was over 1,400 million world wide. Moreover in India and its subcontinent, the English language has an official standing. In the late 1990’s the number of English speaking citizens in China was approximately 220 million. The Olympics provided the motivation for an increase to double these numbers. English has brought benefits, social inequalities and injustices. It remains questionable as to whether or not English would remain a global standard language. Tsuda discuss how the political and cultural neutrality of the common language used internationally is extremely important and is required within the English language. By incorporating English into any society, countries are able to have some share of the globalization benefits but this necessitates the force of implementing English. If this way is adopted, the independence and uniqueness of other cultures will diminish because of one language dominating other ways worldwide and homogenize them into a Western and more particularly an American way of life. Esperanto has been suggested by Tsuda is a language that could be used for the purpose of an equal communication. The Esperanto movement has its philosophy as peace. The author questions whether English has a similar philosophy. THE RISE OF ENGLISH WORLD ·WIDE English has undoubtedly dominated other languages in the past 20 years. How it came to be so is another story altogether, although some stress it on historical or political spurs while others believe that modern-day socio-economic and scientific motivations led to its popularity. However in my opinion and with some research it is believed that the popularity of English began by the end of World War II. The only major industrialized country unaffected by war was the United States. The United States rapidly began working on scientific discoveries, such as the computer, this led to an increase in exchange of information globally, by design English became the source language for storage of information and its retrieval. The United States spent 40 years, after the war, working on setting up research universities, research and development departments, economic stability and computer networking. Hence becoming the supreme user of information technology as well as its biggest contributor. When you contribute towards something you eventually become its manager, similarly the United States began managing information such as its categorization, storage as well as operating languages and computer system designs. And the only medium it knew best to manage was in the programmer’s natural language i. e. English. So now English not only became the global language of Science but also ecame the global language of Information Technology. The position of English as a dominant language in areas of science and Technology is now quiet secure since most of the modern-day information assemblage are English based. English as the language of Science and Technology: Over the last 20 years, the spread of English has been enormous. Developing Countries desires for economic development, their need for information access and transfer of technology have been the key catalyst behind this domina nce. Although some might see this dominance as a negative impact that will not last for long, in Baileys 1983 article he states: â€Å"People bent on imposing their ways on others have no difficulty in contriving arguments to justify their doing so. The historical and present-day spread of English is no exception to that principle. Also â€Å"The hegemony of English that has steadily grown with the increase in global communication is now beginning to diminish and will shrink further in the immediate future† Although such a notion puts forward that English does represent part hegemony, it is the sort of hegemony that will not fade away or diminish in the near future due to some revolution but if it does it will not be as most have expect. However if evidence to date is considered, English is far from being diminished, it is now more than ever still expanding and continuing to secure its role as a global language hence further emphasizing the importance of English in our modern day lives. It should be made clear that any country that wishes to modernize itself and grow in the areas of science and technology and eventually com pete in global markets cannot show a resistance towards English. It is imperative for any country wishing to make its place in the world for any form of trade to communicate in English. Such will be the case until a time comes in the future when other languages are able to provide access to larger information and better technological development, or until a computer’s ability is developed to such an extent that it becomes independent of any specific natural language. Many have termed this statement as an argument for English for Science and Technology (EST) instruction. Of late Garfield (1987) pointed out that 88% of articles present in the Science Citation Index were in English, and from 1978 till 1982 data indicates that this development has been quiet consistent. He further adds that if citation data is to be considered then the dominance of English is seen at large. Around 96% of all citations, from 1978 to 1982, present in the index journal are written in English. Garfield also surveyed that most countries that had an option to publish in their language or a foreign language often chose to publish in English as frequently as in their own language. For example according to Garfield’s research, from 1978 to 1982, the Japanese Scientists cited their own publications 3 times as much as their Japanese publications. While according to Swinburne (1983) the French scientists cited their publications in English four times as much as their French publications. In the same way the Russian Scientists cited their publications quiet often in English as well. All this suggests that even those countries that value their natural language more are now giving a lot of importance to the use of English as a global language as well as a medium for scientific progression. The major reason behind this acceptance of English is due to the fact that 80 to 85% of all information stored in a computerized data bases around the world are written in either English or in some way abstracted in English. (Kaplan 1980-1982) and (McCrum et al 1986) English is not only the language for Technology but now is widely being used in Medical publications, in a study by Maher(1986) it is pointed out that from 1966 to 1980 a 19% increase in use of English in medical publications can been seen, from 53% to 72% respectively. In more recent research Maher shows that, with Japan being an exception, there is an incline towards the trend in general rather than a decline. English is undoubtedly the prevailing and widely used language of Science and Technology. Therefore it must be understood that for any country to ecome modernize and industrialize and technologically competitive, it is imperative that they access or use information that has been written in English. In the past 20 years the exponential growth in publications, the need for even faster retrieval and access of information and the stark demands generated by private multinational corporations and government industries have created a competition amongst countries to an extent that t he only access to information they have, technological or otherwise is basically in English. So any public or private modern day business or industries wanting to compete in the global markets and magnify their production need to have access to some form of information, latest researches and technological applications. And in order to utilize the research, applications or information the managers or administrators must be able to use English because English will be the language used to acquire information out of a system. This competition and the need for latest information make the position of English as a global language unwavering and steadfast for years to come. According to Forey Nunan â€Å"Hong Kong is a major international trading, business, banking, and communications center, and English is seen as a key to maintaining its position in these areas. †(Forey Nunan, 2002) ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING WORLD ·WIDE In extension to the above rationale that English is the language of Science, it won’t be wrong to say that wherever a need exists English is to be taught. Over the past 20 years this awareness has grown world-wide and more and more countries are giving English a great deal of importance in their school curriculum. Although the level of English being taught and the measures to be taken for its proper learning is a different issue altogether. Asian countries like China, Honk Kong, Taiwan, Korea, Philippines and Malaysia have added English language in their school curriculum at an early age, with teaching time ranging from minimum 4 hours a week to maximum 50 hours a week. Also a shift in the age at which English is taught is seen, from secondary classes to primary classes. It should be made clear that not all citizens of a country need to understand English, although in doing so they are denying themselves the access to the enormous information available world-wide. Even a country like Japan that holds a strong resistance towards English has introduced the language at high school level. English in China is in some way considered or has become the language for the elite; those who are unable to learn proper English in schools and have a sound family background begin taking private tuitions in order to learn English. This introduction of English in schools at such primary level, as well as the steps various governments have taken to ensure its proper learning of the language simply shows the dominance and importance of English world-wide. CONCLUSION To draw a conclusion that English is indeed a global language and will likely remain one in the near future seems reasonable. English plays a vital role is areas of information retrieval and its access, as well as in Science and Technology. Any country wishing to explore or expand in these areas will need to understand English. Although coming to such a conclusion is not as simple as it may seem, there are many complex issues at stake here but nevertheless, in light of the evidence provided in this paper it will not be wrong to say that English has clearly achieved world dominance and will continue to maintain its position not only as the language for Science and technology but also as world language in general. As Kaplan (1983b) has noted in an editorial in Science: â€Å"It seems reasonable to assert, however difficult it may be to accept, that knowledge of a world language, especially English, is essential to the welfare of the new nations . . New nations must find a balance between the cultivation of indigenous culture-rich language and the need for a world language . . . Any other course is tantamount to restricting their capability for modernization. † Reference List ? Bailey, R. W. (1983) Literacy in English: an international perspective. In Literacy for Life. Edited by R. W. Bailey and R. Fos heim. 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